Alan Ayckbourn: Actor

The Birthday Party (1959)

Production Details

Play:
Author:

First performance:
Final performance:
Venue:
Staging:

Director:
The Birthday Party
Harold Pinter

12 January 1959
To be confirmed
Birmingham Theatre Centre
Round

Harold Pinter
Character
Petey
Meg
Stanley
Lulu
Goldberg
McCann
Actor
David Campton
Dona Martyn
Alan Ayckbourn
Faynia Jeffery
David Sutton
Rodney Wood

Quotes & Notes

On 28 April 1958, Harold Pinter's first full-length play The Birthday Party was premiered at the Cambridge Arts Theatre. On the back of positive reviews, it transferred to the Lyric Theatre, London, and opened on 19 May 1959. It was notably an exceptional failure, drawing the ire of the majority of critics, and forced to close after just eight performances. Ironically, the Sunday after it closed, the influential critic Harold Hobson reviewed the play in the Sunday Times giving the only positive review and showing an influential and exceptionally perspective insight into the play.

It was too late for the London production though and almost for Pinter, who considered quitting writing as a result of the terrible reaction to the play. In the wake of the play's initial failure, it was quickly reassessed though and an influential article by the critic Irving Wardle was published in the September 1958 edition of theatre magazine Encore, naming Pinter as a leading proponent of what he dubbed Theatre of Menace. The article was read by Stephen Joseph, founder of Theatre in the Round at the Library Theatre, Scarborough, and Alan Ayckbourn's mentor, who had also taught Pinter briefly at Central School of Speech and Drama. He contacted Pinter and suggested he might be able to offer a chance for Pinter to set the record straight about the play if he would like to direct it himself, albeit with an existing company and in-the-round. Pinter agreed.

In December 1958, Pinter travelled to Scarborough and began directing the play with Stephen's Studio Theatre Ltd company for its winter tour. Amongst the company's members was a 19 year old actor called Alan Ayckbourn, yet to write his first play and highly influenced by this experience with Pinter.

The Birthday Party was not performed in Scarborough, but was one of several plays toured by the company. It was produced twice in the more academic leaning towns visited by the company, premiering on 13 January 1959 at the Birmingham Theatre Centre for a week's run, where it received largely excellent reviews.

Contrary to many reports, this production was the second professional production of The Birthday Party and the first production of it to be directed by Pinter.

The production then played for a week from 9 - 14 March at the Vaughan Centre, Leicester, and Pinter later noted that this production had helped to restore his faith in the play and his own writing abilities. Alan's own experiences of working with Pinter are detailed below in an article Alan wrote about the play.

There is one final - fittingly - bizarre footnote to the play. On 2 September 1959, a midnight charity performance was held at the Futurist Theatre in Scarborough to raise money for World Refugee Year. It involved artists from all the venues in the town, which were still packed with the summer seaside shows. As one of Scarborough's venues, Theatre in the Round at the Library Theatre agreed to join the celebration and Alan Ayckbourn, David Campton and Dona Martyn performed the first scene of the play. Quite what an audience thought of this scene presented in the midst of performances by the likes of Frankie Howerd, Molly Sugden, Martin Granger's Puppets, the Futurist Lovelies amongst many other summer light entertainment acts is not recorded!

Review extract from The Guardian (13 January 1959)
"Mr Pinter produced the play himself and he has drawn a whole series of first-class performances from a fine cast. Alan Ayckbourn, David Sutton and Rodney Wood play the nightmare parts."

Review extract from The Express And Star (16 January 1959)
"Alan Ayckbourn as a rather pathetic Stanley, David Sutton as a sinister Goldberg, David Campton as a pleasant Petey, and Dona Martyn as a grotesque Meg are all excellent."

Time For Another Birthday Party And…

by Alan Ayckbourn

The Birthday Party opened at the Lyric Hammersmith in 1958; it was directed by Peter Wood. It got universally bad reviews except for one by Harold Hobson [the play closed after one week and his ecstatic notice appeared in the Sunday Times the following day].

Harold Pinter then wrote an article, I think in Encore magazine, which was a sort of 'author's complaint'. He felt the play hadn't had a fair crack of the whip, hadn't been seen at its best. Stephen Joseph, [then Director of Scarborough's Studio Theatre] who was always ready for this sort of thing, got hold of Harold, whom he'd known faintly from Central where Harold had been a student of his, and said 'I've read your whinge. Why don't you do it again with a scratch company?'

Harold came and auditioned the company, but he didn't have much choice of actors. There was me, David Sutton, Rodney Wood and David Campton none of whom were really actors; two of us were dramatists, one was the general manager, [one has since become Michael Codron's associate producer] Dona Martyn and Faynia Jeffrey.

We read the play and thought he was barking mad. It made absolutely no sense whatever. I can only compare it with the first time I heard Stravinsky, when I thought "This man's got a tin ear." But what helped us was that the author was directing it. And he was a mixture of an actor and an extremely nice guy and passionate in his belief that his play would work. So you went with it, to humour him. He cast me as Stanley.

When he arrived in Scarborough, he was in a very defensive, not to say depressed state. We had probably three weeks to rehearse. I remember asking Pinter about my character. Where does he come from? Where is he going to? What can you tell me about him that will give me more understanding? And Harold just said 'Mind your own fucking business. Concentrate on what's there.'

I don't think he'd done a lot of professional directing before that production, but - much more than I am even - he was a total extension of his script. He was at that stage, I suppose, an actor directing rather than the director he's become. Absolutely fierce about the rhythm and the pauses and the use of the silences, which I suppose is natural, because he was using words in a way that one wasn't used to using them in theatre. An actor would be much more readily able to deal with it these days, I suspect, because they've taken it on board. But we didn't have the mental preparedness to do it.

He was instinctively good on pace. It was, for us, totally uncharted water. You have to imagine what a revolutionary way of writing it was then. He's had so many imitators and so many other people have assimilated what he does, it's now much less unusual - those short words, sentences, repeated things, which I've picked up on. It wasn't really till The Caretaker that he was established.

The production was received by those who saw it [it played in repertoire for a week in Birmingham and for a week in Leicester] - and I won't pretend it was packed - with extraordinary, rapt fascination, really electric. People did enjoy it. And people started, there and then, coming up to him afterwards and saying 'I see this as a sort of metaphor for the British economy' or something. And he would go, 'Mmhmmm, mmhmuun,' and look very interested. But he would never, ever mention anything other than the characters to us. And I always think of Pinter exactly on character level, which is how he directed and I've always directed his work like that. You let everyone else see metaphors for the British economy.

Another thing that happened during rehearsal: We were determined to corner him, and we went to a pub in Huntriss Row [in Scarborough]. We were just about to get going on this play and ask Harold: What does it mean? Before he could tell us, a bloke slid in opposite us, very distraught. He said 'Can I sit with you for a minute?' 'Yes,' said Harold, and the chap said, 'I'm sorry, I've just had a terrible experience. I need to tell someone.' 'Oh, what is it?' replied Harold. 'I think I may have killed my mother-in-law.' Harold said, 'Oh really? How did this come about?

He said 'Well, I've been married a short time. I come home with me money on a Thursday and every time that bloody woman's there, she just snatches the money out of me hands, without a by-your-leave. We're living with her, me and the wife, and I'm prepared to pay our rent, but she takes the whole bloody lot. So I got home a bit early this evening, before she got in, and I hid it. She came home and said, where the hell is it, and started tearing the room apart, trying to find it. She eventually said, 'I know, it's up the chimney, isn't it?' It's a big fireplace and she got in to look up it. I grabbed her by the ankles and shoved her up there, and she's wedged up there. I didn't know what to do and I just ran out.' Harold said, 'Oh, well. I think she's probably inhaling a lot of soot. She could be suffocating. I don't think you want to be on a murder charge for your mother-in-law, you may dislike her, but you don't want to go to prison for life for her.' The bloke agreed, 'You're absolutely right. I'm not bloody swinging for her.' And he ran out.

There was a long silence, and I said, 'what an extraordinary man!' And Harold said, 'Was he?' When Antonia [Fraser, Pinter's wife] heard this she pointed out, 'That always happens, he just attracts them.' So the answer to where do Pinter's extraordinary off-the-wall characters come from is that he keeps meeting them. He attracts them.

We've kept in touch, on and off, and corresponded. We met and had dinner not long ago when I talked to him. I suppose of all writers I'm probably in touch with him more than anyone, which isn't saying a lot. I think we did a really good The Caretaker (in 1961) for him. It was very funny, as was Pinter's production of The Birthday Party. It was also quite horrific, and he'd got all that stuff that I've picked up off him - the sort of dark / light business. But other productions I've seen of it, they've generally decided to play it more heavily. I think sometimes they lose his humour.

When Pinter started writing, he was completely coming from left field, as they say, as opposed to Osborne and Wesker, who were still writing in a sense in a recognisable form, albeit they were introducing new elements. Osborne revolutionised the content of plays, but I'm sure Pinter revolutionised the very nature of the play.

It's very common to call him a poet, which tends to make him sound as if he writes everything in rhyming couplets, but he did use the play form and the play structure in a way that I don't think people had done before. He says he owes a lot to Beckett, and I suppose that's his nearest antecedent, but it's a very different sort of Beckett. A very much more human face. I always find Beckett a bit not of my universe. I don't find anything I can relate to in it, whereas I do find in Pinter people I know, although I wish I didn't.'

This article is copyright of Alan Ayckbourn and should not be reproduced without permission.
All research for this page by Simon Murgatroyd.